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Microbial DNA Metabarcoding


Overview

CD Genomics employs next-generation sequencing technologies to offer comprehensive microbial DNA metabarcoding and bioinformatics services. Leveraging advanced methodologies, we provide robust support for your microbial ecology studies, ensuring precise and reliable results.

Our Advantages:
  • Reveals True Microbial Diversity: Provides in-depth analysis of microbial communities, accurately reflecting sample diversity.
  • Cost-Effective and Broad Coverage: Offers high cost-efficiency, wide coverage, and short turnaround time.
  • Automated Workflow: Utilizes commercial kits, cutting-edge instruments, and integrated bioinformatics pipelines for efficient automation.
  • Wide Range of Applications: Suitable for fundamental research, ecological applications, environmental monitoring, and industrial applications.
  • Efficient Sample Handling: Handles challenging samples effectively, maximizing the use of valuable specimens.
  • Strict Data Quality Control: Maintains a rigorous quality control system to ensure data accuracy.

What is the DNA Metabarcoding Method

The technique that integrates high-throughput sequencing with environmental DNA (eDNA) sequences is termed "eDNA metabarcoding." This method represents an advanced molecular tool, enabling non-invasive examination of species richness across various ecosystems. eDNA metabarcoding employs amplicon sequencing technology to analyze DNA barcodes extracted from environmental samples. Through this approach, researchers can acquire detailed taxonomic and functional genetic information about the species present in these samples. As a result, eDNA metabarcoding significantly enhances the study of biodiversity within distinct ecological contexts, permitting the tracking of species origins, development, and temporal changes.

Difference Between DNA Barcoding and DNA Metabarcoding

DNA Barcoding:

  • Focus: Targets a single genetic marker.
  • Application: Identifies individual species from isolated samples.
  • Scope: Provides species-level identification for single organisms or small sample sizes.

DNA Metabarcoding:

  • Focus: Uses multiple genetic markers to capture a broad range of species.
  • Application: Analyzes complex environmental samples to assess entire microbial communities.
  • Scope: Simultaneously identifies thousands of species and their relative abundances from a single sample.

DNA barcoding is tailored for specific species identification, while DNA metabarcoding offers a comprehensive overview of microbial diversity within environmental samples.

Applications of Microbial DNA Metabarcoding

The applications of microbial DNA metabarcoding include, but are not limited to, the following areas:

  • Biodiversity Research
  • Dietary Analysis
  • Food Source Analysis
  • Pharmaceutical Source Analysis
  • Ecological Assessment
  • Forensic Identification
  • Invasive Species Detection
Service Specifications

Introduction to Our Microbial DNA Metabarcoding Service

CD Genomics offers comprehensive DNA metabarcoding services aimed at investigating the microbial diversity within environmental samples. Utilizing our Illumina next-generation sequencing platform, we provide reliable and in-depth microbial DNA barcoding and sequencing services. These capabilities allow for the precise identification of microorganisms across various taxonomic levels and facilitate the comparative analysis of microbial diversity among multiple samples.

Our advanced sequencing platforms are capable of generating millions of sequences rapidly, thus enabling the efficient study of complex environmental samples. The metabarcoding process involves the use of primers to amplify DNA present in the environment, while high-throughput sequencing is employed to obtain extensive taxonomic information encoded within the genes. We deliver detailed data analysis of numerous sequence fragments derived from complex environmental samples. This analysis primarily includes noise removal, acquisition of operational taxonomic unit (OTU) data, and subsequent analyses based on OTUs.

Microbial DNA Metabarcoding Workflow

The Workflow of Microbial DNA Metabarcoding.

Technical Parameters

DNA Sequencing Strategies:

  • For PCR products (target DNA fragments) smaller than 280 bp, use Illumina PE150 sequencing.
  • For DNA fragments larger than 280 bp but smaller than 480 bp, use Illumina PE250 sequencing.
  • For DNA fragments larger than 480 bp but smaller than 580 bp, use Illumina PE300 sequencing.
  • For PCR products larger than 580 bp, use PacBio sequencing.

Note: We design appropriate sequencing strategies based on your plan and objectives, utilizing suitable sequencing platforms. Please feel free to contact us directly.

Bioinformatics Analysis

Our bioinformatics services offer scientists custom analysis to address real issues apart from data quality control, gene alignment, genome assembly, and phylogenetic analyses. Our bioinformatics analysis services provide comprehensive interpretations of environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. For more details, please refer to the following table.

Analysis Content Details
Taxonomic assignment Reference-based methods are used for the precise taxonomic assignment of sequencing reads.
Metabolic analysis Metabolic processes encoded in the genome, from biosynthesis to biodegradation, directly link microbial communities to the environment.
Habitat prediction Predict possible habitats of microbes.
Genome reconstruction Reconstruction of microbial genome by metagenomic binning and assembly from various environments.
Inter-species interactions Use abundant information from large-scale metagenomic datasets, co-occurrences (or anti-occurrences) among microbes, hosts, and/or viruses can be studied.
Genomic structural variations Observe systematic variations in the gene order (or gene cluster structures) due to gene losses, fusions, duplications, inversions, translocations, and HGTs from an analysis of metagenome data.
Meta-analysis Meta-analysis of multiple datasets can reveal general patterns or laws that determine how microbes interact with their environments and how their genomes have been shaped.

Note: The above content includes only a portion of the bioinformatics analysis. For more information or to customize the analysis, please contact us directly.

Sample Requirement

  • DNA/cDNA amount ≥ 1μg, Concentration≥10 ng/µL, No obvious degradation, 1.8 < OD260/280 < 2.0, OD260/230 ≥ 1.8,
  • Soil: 2–5 g per sample
  • Water: More than 1 filter membrane per sample
  • Feces: 1–3 g per sample
  • Air: More than 2 filter membranes per sample
  • Sludge/Sediment: 5–10 g per sample

Note:
If you wish to obtain more accurate and detailed information regarding sample requirements, please feel free to contact us directly.

Deliverables

  • Raw sequencing data (FASTQ)
  • Clean data
  • Trimmed and stitched sequences (FASTA)
  • Quality-control dashboard
  • Statistic data
  • Your designated bioinformatics result report
Demo

Demo

Partial results of our microbial DNA metabarcoding service are shown below:

The Microbial DNA Metabarcoding Results Display.

FAQs

Microbial DNA Metabarcoding FAQ

Case Study

Case Study

Customer Case

DNA metabarcoding analysis reveals the consequence of creating ecosystem-scale refugia from deer grazing for the soil microbial communities
Journal: Environmental DNA
Impact factor: 9.9
Published: 28 November 2023

Find out more

Background

Deer overgrazing impacts forest ecosystems by reducing plant diversity and disrupting soil microorganisms. This study uses large-scale deer fencing and environmental DNA metabarcoding to compare microbial communities in fenced versus control areas in Japan, expecting to find greater microbial diversity and altered community structures in the fenced areas.

Materials & Methods

Sample preparation:

  • Soil
  • DNA extraction

Method:

  • Two-step PCR approach
  • MiSeq sequencing

Data Analysis:

  • Rarefaction analysis
  • Richness analysis
  • Taxonomic composition

Results

Richness: The fenced site had higher ASV counts for archaea and Basidiomycetes fungi, but no significant differences in bacteria or Ascomycetes fungi compared to the control site.

Taxonomic Composition: No significant differences in microbial taxonomic composition between fenced and control sites, with some genera showing site-specific abundance.

Figure 1. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot. (Kadowaki et al., 2023)Figure 1. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling plot.

Fungal Guild Composition: Significant differences in functional guild composition were found, with animal pathogens more common in the control site.

Figure 2. Functional guild composition analysis results for soil fungal communities. (Kadowaki et al., 2023)Figure 2. Results of functional guild composition analysis for the soil fungal communities.

Conclusions

Deer fencing alters soil microbial communities by increasing archaea and Basidiomycetes diversity in fenced areas, while affecting fungal guild composition by reducing animal pathogens. Further research is needed to explore the long-term and spatial impacts of fencing on microbial communities.

References

  1. Keck F, Couton M, Altermatt F. Navigating the seven challenges of taxonomic reference databases in metabarcoding analyses. Molecular Ecology Resources, 2023, 23(4): 742-755.
  2. Kadowaki K, Honjo M N, Nakamura N, et al. e DNA metabarcoding analysis reveals the consequence of creating ecosystem-scale refugia from deer grazing for the soil microbial communities. Environmental DNA, 2023, 5(6): 1732-1742.
* For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures or other clinical purposes.



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